Notes

Affordances, Constraints and World Knowledge

Eberts, R. (1994)

From Norman (1988):

"the perceived and actual properties of the thing, primarily those fundamental properties that determine just how the thing could possibly be used."

Affordances and constraints compliment good interface metaphor design

Function and application of tools/artifacts self-evident from affordance design
Comparison: chop sticks vs the fork

The typical GUI button depicts the same properties of its real-world counterpart:

A raised surface
Shadows
Possibly sound

Constraints increase the power of affordances by reducing potential error in operation

Real world constraints:

Scissors design
Computer peripheral adapters

GUI constraints:

Context-sensitive menus
Slider bars

 

A good introduction to this from "The Psychology of Everyday Things", Donald Norman (1988)

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