Note: Unlike some of my other webpages this list does not contain any recommendations. I am collecting links to resources that I hope others will find helpful, but I do not carefully review all of the entries here.
Bit::Vector
Leonard Janke (University of British Columbia, Vancouver) contributes LInteger, a C++ library that empowers you to create and perform arithmetic on objects representing nearly arbitrary precision integers. Thanks to C++ support for operator overloading, the use of the large integers in this library should be nearly as easy as the use of regular int types. In many cases, converting your application to use LInteger can be as simple as substituting "LInteger" for "int" in your editor.
The current version of this library requires Intel 386 or better CPU and is only guaranteed to compile perfectly with GNU C++. Though Linteger has only been tested on Linux, Janke predicts it should work with OS/2 or Windows NT. He has coded the multiprecision methods in assembly language for speed. Multiplication can be performed via recursion or Montgomery style. Linteger includes documentation in HTML for public methods. This library is free for both commercial and non-commercial use. LInteger v0.1 as released on 9/2/96 is now available on the CUG CD-ROM
Most of the comments I get about the code refer to arbitary precision integers (aka BIGNUMs) This section is for references to BIGNUM code whether or not they use of bit vectors.